Opencircuit LM324 - Quad amplifier

The LM324 series are low−cost, quad operational amplifiers withtrue differential inputs. They have several distinct advantages overstandard operational amplifier types in single supply applications. The quad amplifier can operate at supply voltages as low as 3.0 V or ashigh as 32 V with quiescent currents about one−fifth of thoseassociated with the MC1741 (on a per amplifier basis). The common mode input range includes the negative supply, thereby eliminating the necessity for external biasing components in many applications. The output voltage range also includes the negative power supply voltage.